THE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS EIGHT GOALS FOR 2015

1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Where do we stand? Eastern Asia sets the pace for worldwide progress on working poverty. Proportion of employed people living below $1.25. (source: The Millennium Development Goals Report 2012) For the first time both the number of people living in extreme poverty and the poverty rates fell in every developing region—including in sub-Saharan Africa, where rates are highest. In the developing regions, the proportion of people living on less than $1.25 a day fell from 47 per cent in 1990 to 24 per cent in 2008. In 2008, about 110 million fewer people than in 2005 lived in conditions of extreme poverty. The number of extreme poor in the developing regions fell from over 2 billion in 1990 to less than 1.4 billion in 2008. Read more in The Millennium Development Goals Report 2012) 2. Achieve universal primary education Where do we stand? Young adolescents from poor and rural households are more likely to be out of school. Percentage of lower secondary-age children out of school by sex, household wealth and location, 55 countries, 2005/2010. (source: The Millennium Development Goals Report 2012) In the developing regions, the net enrolment rate for children of primary school age rose from 82 to 90 per cent between 1999 and 2010. However, a closer look at the data reveals that nearly all of this growth occurred between 1999 and 2004, and that progress in reducing the number of out-of-school children slowed considerably after 2004. Read more in The Millennium Development Goals Report 2012 3. Promote gender equality and empower women Where do we stand? Women continue to gain representation in parliaments, but the pace is slow. Proportion of seats held by women in single or lower houses of national parliaments, 2000 and 2012 (Percentage). (source: The Millennium Development Goals Report 2012) By end-January 2012, women accounted for 19.7 per cent of parliamentarians worldwide. This amounts to nearly a 75 per cent increase since 1995, when women held 11.3 per cent of seats worldwide, and a 44 per cent increase over the 2000 level. While trends point to an increase in women’s parliamentary representation, the rate of representation remains low overall, and progress is spread unevenly. Source: The Millennium Development Goals Report 2012) 4. Reduce child mortality Where do we stand? Progress on child mortality is gaining momentum. The target is to reduce by two-thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under five years old mortality rate, from 93 children of every 1,000 dying to 31 of every 1,000. Child deaths are falling, but much more needs to be done in order to reach the development goal. Revitalizing efforts against pneumonia and diarrhea, while bolstering nutrition, could save millions of children. Annual rates of reduction in under-five mortality, by region, 1990-2000 and 2000-2010 (Percentage). (source: The Millennium Development Goals Report 2012) 5. Improve maternal health Where do we stand? Maternal mortality has nearly halved since 1990, but levels are far removed from the 2015 target. The targets for improving maternal health include reducing by three-fourths the maternal mortality ratio and achieve universal access to reproductive health. Poverty and lack of education perpetuate high adolescent birth rates. Inadequate funding for family planning is a major failure in fulfilling commitments to improving women’s reproductive health. Source: The Millennium Development Goals Report 2012 6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases Where do we stand? More people than ever are living with HIV due to fewer AIDS-related deaths and the continued large number of new infections. In 2011, an estimated 34.2 million were living with HIV, up 17 per cent from 2001. This persistent increase reflects the continued large number of new infections along with a significant expansion of access to life-saving antiretroviral therapy, especially in more recent years. Number of people living with HIV in the world (Millions), 1990-2011 Source: The Millennium Development Goals Report 2012 7. Ensure environmental sustainability Where do we stand? The unparalleled success of the Montreal Protocol shows that action on climate change is within grasp The twenty-fifth anniversary of the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer comes this year, 2012, with many achievements to celebrate. Most notably, there has been a reduction of over 98 percent in the consumption of ozone-depleting substances. Further, because most of these substances are also potent greenhouse gases, the Montreal Protocol has contributed significantly to the protection of the global climate system. The reductions achieved to date leave hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) as the largest group of substances remaining to be phased out. Given the Protocol’s successful track record, and status of universal ratification, Governments have been considering an amendment that would take on HFCs, a class of global warming chemicals that are often used as substitutes for certain ozone-depleting substances. The parties to the Protocol are now hoping to achieve universal ratification of all of the Protocol’s amendments as well. Failure to ratify all of the amendments by the end of the year could lead to the imposition of trade sanctions on non-parties, which in turn would preclude them from procuring HCFCs needed for a measured, thoughtful phase-out. Consumption of substances that deplete the ozone layer, 1986-2010 (thousands of metric tons of potential to destroy the ozone layer) Source: The Millennium Development Goals Report 2012 8. Develop a global partnership for development Where do we stand? Core development aid falls in real terms for the first time in more than a decade, as donor countries face fiscal constraints. In 2011, net aid disbursements amounted to $133.5 billion, representing 0.31 per cent of developed countries’ combined national income. While constituting an increase in absolute dollars, this was a 2.7 per cent drop in real terms over 2010. If debt relief and humanitarian aid are excluded, bilateral aid for development programmes and projects fell by 4.5 per cent in real terms. Official development assistance from developed countries, 2000-2011 (Constant 2010 US$ billions and current US$ billions) Source: The Millennium Development Goals Report 2012 The 8 Millennium Development Goals 1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger 2. Achieve universal primary education 3. Promote gender equality and empower women 4. Reduce child mortality 5. Improve maternal health 6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases 7. Ensure environmental sustainability 8. Develop a global partnership for development